Transmitting signaling information over the voice channel. Also called per-trunk signaling (PTS) or "robbed-bit" signaling because it takes up bandwidth that could have otherwise been used by data.
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Common Channel Signaling (CCS)
Different from CAS, CCS designates a certain channel specifically for signaling. Information on this common channel controls and provides information for all the other data-carrying channels in the system.
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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
A method in radio communications that divides a shared channel (the radio spectrum) among multiple users through assignment of unique codes. The method is analogous to two users speaking a foreign language in a crowded room.
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Compression
Data processing that reduces the amount of bandwidth necessary to transmit a signal in a given time or reduce the amount of time for a given bandwidth.
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Configuration (CFGN)
In terms of computers and telecommunications, configuration is the unique collection of settings that can be tweaked for maximum performance or reliability. It is usually a stored as a file that is executed when the device first boots up.
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Cellular Geographic Service Area (CGSA)
The physical area over which a cellular provider is licensed to give service.
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Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC)
A company that builds and operates communications networks in metropolitan areas (also called a carrier) that are competing with other more established carriers.
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Coded Mark Inversion (CMI)
A type of line coding used in communications. A zero bit is encoded as half a time period of 1 and the other half as 0, while a one bit is encoded as a full time period at a constant level.
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Computerized Management Maintenance System (CMMS)
Software system that is meant to assist workers by identifying which devices need maintenance and how. It can also be used to track safety and regulatory compliance.
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Co-directional Interface
The term co-directional is used to describe an interface across which the information and its associated timing signal are transmitted in the same direction (ITU G.703).
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Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)
Equipment that resides at the customer's site such as modems, telephones, handsets…etc, that act as terminating equipment or end-point devices for the communications network.
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Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Type of error detection method. In the method, the data contents are divided by a large prime number and the remainder is stored with the data as a check-sum value. On retrieval this value is recalculated and compared to the checksum for accuracy. Can be used in both storing and sending data.
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Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
Standards making organization in Canada, similar to ANSI in the United States, with a focus on safety-related standards.
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Control Slip Second (CSS)
A one second interval containing one or more "control slips", in which a frame is either repeated or deleted to account for frequency drifting.
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Channel Service Unit (CSU)
Digital interface device that connects the end-user equipment to the local telephone loop. Also provides maintenance and loopback functionality.
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Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM)
The Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing is a passive technology which multiplexes up to 18 wavelength (or Lambda) in the same fiber with a spacing of 20nm and working channel passband +/- 6.5nm. The SFP/SFP+ are using the Lambda 1271, 1291, 1311, 1331, 1351, 1371, 1391, 1411, 1431, 1451, 1471, 1491, 1511, 1531, 1551, 1571, 1591 and 1611nm.
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